Nuclear Atom – Practices

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Question 1 of 15

1. Question
1 point(s)

How many neutrons are in a nucleus of the nuclide ${ }_{17}^{37} \mathrm{Cl}$ ?

1. 17

2. 20

3. 37

4. 54

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Question 2 of 15

2. Question
1 point(s)

A nuclide has the symbol ${ }_{10}^{22} \mathrm{Ne}$ .
What is the proton number of a nucleus of this nuclide?

1. 10

2. 12

3. 22

4. 32

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Question 3 of 15

3. Question
1 point(s)

A nucleus of element $X$ is represented as ${ }_{26}^{56} X$ .
Which is an isotope of element $X$ ?

1.

2.

3.

4.

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Question 4 of 15

4. Question
1 point(s)

${ }_6^{14} \mathrm{C}$ is a nuclide of carbon.
What is the composition of one nucleus of this nuclide?

$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline & \text { neutrons } & \text { protons } \\ \hline \text { A } & 6 & 8 \\ \text { B } & 6 & 14 \\ \text { C } & 8 & 6 \\ \text { D } & 14 & 6 \\ \hline \end{array}$

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Question 5 of 15

5. Question
1 point(s)

A proton and a neutron are each close to a positive nucleus.

How does the charge on the nucleus affect the proton and the neutron, if at all?

1. The neutron is attracted; the proton is repelled.

2. The neutron is not affected; the proton is repelled.

3. The proton is attracted; the neutron is repelled.

4. The proton is not affected; the neutron is repelled.

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Question 6 of 15

6. Question
1 point(s)

A uranium ${ }_{92}^{238} \mathrm{U}$ nudeus emits an $\alpha$ -particle.
What are the new nucleon and proton numbers?

$\begin{array}{c|c|c|} \hline & \text { nucleon number } & \text { proton number } \\ \hline \text { A } & 238 & 88 \\ \text { B } & 236 & 90 \\ \text { C } & 234 & 92 \\ \text { D } & 234 & 90 \\ \hline \end{array}$

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Question 7 of 15

7. Question
1 point(s)

Below are four statements about isotopes of a certain element.
Which statement about the isotopes must be correct?

1. They are radioactive.

2. They are unstable.

3. They have the same number of neutrons.

4. They have the same number of protons.

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Question 8 of 15

8. Question
1 point(s)

The nucleus of an americium atom contains 146 neutrons and 95 protons. It decays by emitting an $\alpha$ -particle.

How many neutrons and how many protons remain in the nucleus when this form of americium decays?

$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} & \begin{array}{c} \text { number of neutrons } \\ \text { remaining } \end{array} & \begin{array}{c} \text { number of protons } \\ \text { remaining } \end{array} \\ \hline \text { A } & 142 & 93 \\ \text { B } & 142 & 95 \\ \text { C } & 144 & 93 \\ \text { D } & 144 & 95 \\ \hline \end{array}$

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Question 9 of 15

9. Question
1 point(s)

The charge on a proton is $e$ .
What is the charge on an electron and what is the charge on a neutron?

$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline & \text { electron } & \text { neutron } \\ \hline \text { A } & e & e \\ \text { B } & e & 0 \\ \text { C } & -e & -e \\ \text { D } & -e & 0 \\ \hline \end{array}$

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Question 10 of 15

10. Question
1 point(s)

A certain element has several isotopes.
Which statement about these isotopes is correct?

1. They must have different numbers of electrons orbiting their nuclei.

2. They must have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei.

3. They must have the same number of nucleons in their nuclei.

4. They must have the same number of protons in their nuclei.

Correct

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Question 11 of 15

11. Question
1 point(s)

Which particles are emitted during thermionic emission?

1. atoms

2. electrons

3. neutrons

4. protons

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Question 12 of 15

12. Question
1 point(s)

Which statement is correct for the nucleus of any atom?

1. The nucleus contains electrons, neutrons and protons.

2. The nucleus contains the same number of protons as neutrons.

3. The nucleus has a total charge of zero.

4. The nucleus is very small compared with the size of the atom.

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Question 13 of 15

13. Question
1 point(s)

A particular nuclide has the symbol ${ }_{17}^{37} \mathrm{Cl}$ .
What is true for atoms of this nuclide?

1. There are 17 nucleons in the nucleus.

2. There are 17 protons in the nucleus.

3. There are 37 electrons in the nucleus.

4. There are 37 neutrons in the nucleus.

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Question 14 of 15

14. Question
1 point(s)

A neutral atom consists of electrons orbiting a nucleus. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
Which statement about the atom must be correct?

1. The number or electrons is equal to the number or neutrons.

2. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

3. The number of neutrons is equal to the number of protons.

4. The number of electrons, neutrons and protons

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Question 15 of 15

15. Question
1 point(s)

Below are the symbols for five different nuclides.

Which two nuclides are isotopes of the same element?

1. nuclide 1 and nuclide 2

2. nuclide 2 and nuclide 3

3. nuclide 2 and nuclide 5

4. nuclide 4 and nuclide 5

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Question 1 of 13

1. Question
1 point(s)

A nucleus of americium ${ }_{95}^{243} \mathrm{Am}$ emits an $\alpha$ -particle to form a nucleus of neptunium (Np).
Which equation represents this decay?

1. ${ }_{95}^{243} \mathrm{Am} \rightarrow{ }_{97}^{247} \mathrm{~Np}+{ }_2^4 \alpha$

2. ${ }_{95}^{243} \mathrm{Am} \rightarrow{ }_{96}^{243} \mathrm{~Np}+{ }_{-1}^0 \alpha$

3. ${ }_{95}^{243} \mathrm{Am} \rightarrow{ }_{94}^{243} \mathrm{~Np}+{ }_1^0 \alpha$

4. ${ }_{95}^{243} \mathrm{Am} \rightarrow{ }_{93}^{239} \mathrm{~Np}+{ }_2^4 \alpha$

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Question 2 of 13

2. Question
1 point(s)

The scattering of $\alpha$ -particles by a thin metal foil supports the nuclear model of an atom.
Why are $\alpha$ -particles used rather than neutrons?

1. because they always travel more slowly

2. because they are heavier

3. because they are larger in diameter

4. because they have a positive charge

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Question 3 of 13

3. Question
1 point(s)

Which diagram could represent the structure of a neutral atom?

1.

2.

3.

4.

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Question 4 of 13

4. Question
1 point(s)

Which statement about a neutral atom of ${ }_{88}^{226} \mathrm{Ra}$ is correct?

1. It has an equal number of neutrons and protons.

2. It has more electrons than neutrons.

3. It has more electrons than protons.

4. It has more neutrons than protons.

Correct

Incorrect

Question 5 of 13

5. Question
1 point(s)

A very important experiment increased scientists’ understanding of the structure of matter.
In the experiment, particles scattered as they passed through a thin metal foil.
Which particles were used, and to which conclusion did the experiment lead?

$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline & \text { particles } & \text { conclusion } \\ \hline \text { A } & \text { alpha particles } & \text { matter is made up of atoms } \\ \text { B } & \text { alpha particles } & \text { atoms have a very small nucleus } \\ \text { C } & \text { beta particles } & \text { matter is made up of atoms } \\ \text { D } & \text { beta particles } & \text { atoms have a very small nucleus } \\ \hline \end{array}$

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

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Question 6 of 13

6. Question
1 point(s)

Below are the symbols for five different nuclides.
$\begin{array}{ccccc} { }_{17}^{35} \mathrm{X} & { }_{17}^{37} \mathrm{X} & { }_{18}^{38} \mathrm{X} & { }_{35}^{81} \mathrm{X} & { }_{37}^{81} \mathrm{X} \\ \text { nuclide 1 } & \text { nuclide 2 } & \text { nuclide 3 } & \text { nuclide 4 } & \text { nuclide 5 } \end{array}$
Which two nuclides are isotopes of the same element?

1. nuclide 1 and nuclide 2

2. nuclide 2 and nuclide 3

3. nuclide 2 and nuclide 5

4. nuclide 4 and nuclide 5

Correct

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Question 7 of 13

7. Question
1 point(s)

A nuclide of substance $X$ has the symbol ${ }_{12}^{26} X$ .
How many electrons are there in a neutral atom of substance $X$ ?

1. 12

2. 14

3. 26

4. 38

Correct

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Question 8 of 13

8. Question
1 point(s)

An atom of the element lithium has a nucleon number of 7 and a proton number of 3 .
Which diagram represents a neutral atom of lithium?

1.

2.

3.

4.

Correct

Incorrect

Question 9 of 13

9. Question
1 point(s)

A radioactive nucleus emits $\beta$ -particle

What happens to the proton number (atomic number) of the nucleus?

1. It stays the same.

2. It increases by 1 .

3. It decreases by 2 .

4. It decreases by 4 .

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Question 10 of 13

10. Question
1 point(s)

Which diagram represents an experiment that provided evidence for the nuclear atom?

1.

2.

3.

4.

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Question 11 of 13

11. Question
1 point(s)

A certain element has several isotopes.
Which statement about these isotopes is correct?

1. They must have different numbers of electrons orbiting their nuclei.

2. They must have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei.

3. They must have the same number of nucleons in their nuclei.

4. They must have the same number of protons in their nuclei.

Correct

Incorrect

Question 12 of 13

12. Question
1 point(s)

Below are four statements about isotopes of a certain element.
Which statement about the isotopes must be correct?

1. They are radioactive.

2. They are unstable.

3. They have the same number of neutrons.

4. They have the same number of protons.

Correct

Incorrect

Question 13 of 13

13. Question
1 point(s)

A reading is taken every 10 minutes of the number of emissions per second from a radioactive source. The table shows the readings.
$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline \text { time/min } & \begin{array}{c} \text { number of } \\ \text { emissions } \\ \text { per second } \end{array} \\ \hline 0 & 800 \\ 10 & 560 \\ 20 & 400 \\ 30 & 280 \\ 40 & 200 \\ 50 & 140 \\ 60 & 100 \\ \hline \end{array}$
What is the half-life of the source?

1. $10 \mathrm{~min}$

2. $20 \mathrm{~min}$

3. $40 \mathrm{~min}$

4. $60 \mathrm{~min}$

Correct

Incorrect