IG Phy – Application of Isotopes and Safety Precautions(I)

Radioactive isotopes have the same chemistry as non-radioactive isotopes of the same element.

Beta-emitting iodine is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer because the thyroid gland absorbs more iodine than other parts of the body.

The half-life of the iodine isotope used in thyroid cancer treatment is about 8 days.

High doses of gamma radiation are used in radiotherapy to kill cancer cells.

Gamma rays used for irradiating food change the chemical composition of the food.

The isotope americium-241, used in smoke alarms, emits beta radiation.

Beta particles are used to monitor the thickness of paper or metal because they can penetrate these materials.

Tracers used in medical applications should have a half-life that is long enough to be detected but not so long that it stays in the system and causes damage.

Gamma-emitting technetium-99m is commonly used as a medical tracer.

Sodium-24, a beta emitter, is used to detect leaks in underground water pipes.